0% petrol, 0% energie electrica. Noul tip de energie poate fi usor
considerat cea mai mare descoperire din istoria moderna. Audi chiar are
in momentul de fata cheia viitorului.
Audi a gasit variante sintetice pentru benzina si motorina. Mai mult,
dioxidul de carbon (CO2) risipit in atmosfera ar putea fi folosit
pentru crearea acestui tip de energie.
Ca sa obtina materialul minune, nemtii folosesc niste tuburi inalte
de 100 de metri pe care le umplu cu apa si culturi din asa-numita
bacterie “cyano” modificata genetic.
Prin expunerea compusului la soare si in mediu cu dioxid de carbon,
rezulta e-etanol (benzina sintetica) sau e-diesel (motorina sintetica).
Audi a spus ca emisiile de noxe sunt similare unui motor electric,
adica “0”. In 2014, nemtii deschid prima fabrica pentru productia celor
doua tipuri de combustibili sintetici.
The problem is very familiar: the combustion of conventional fuels based
on petroleum releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. Current
ethanol and diesel from renewable raw materials such as corn and
rapeseed, generally achieve a better environmental balance, because the
plants previously absorbed the CO2 that is released in combustion. But
these fuel sources require costly processing and compete with food
agriculture. Over the long term, they cannot be a solution in a world
witnessing steady population growth.
A radically new solution is
needed to produce fuels for future CO2-neutral mobility where the
„feedstock‟ for the fuel is entirely renewable. Audi is developing such a
solution in a partnership with Joule, a US-based company producing
fuels in a patented process that involves special microorganisms in a
highly-scalable modular system.
The process is relatively simple: use
the energy from the sun to convert CO2 and non-potable water into
liquid fuels. At the heart of this process are photosynthetic
microorganisms (each one of around three thousandths of a millimetre in
diameter). However, instead of using photosynthesis to grow more cells,
the microorganisms continuously produce fuel. The inputs for this
process are sunlight; industrial waste CO2 from sources such as
industrial plants and brackish or sea water. Critically, there is no
need for agricultural land or fresh water.
The special microorganisms
have been engineered to directly produce ethanol and diesel- range
paraffinic alkanes -- important components of diesel fuel -- directly
from the carbon dioxide. The fuel is secreted by these organisms, which
is then separated from the water media and concentrated. No further
manufacturing steps are required.
This technology makes Audi e-diesel
and Audi e-ethanol come to life. For example, the e-ethanol project
delivers a product with the same chemical properties as the bioethanol
that is already established on the market, with the decisive advantage
that it is produced without biomass. It will be used as a blend with
fossil-fuel gasoline at percentages up to 85% in the case of vehicles
able to use E85 fuel.
Along with the development of the Audi
e-ethanol project, Audi is also working with Joule to produce a
sustainable diesel fuel to support the Audi e-diesel project. A great
strength of this product is its purity. In contrast to petroleum-based
diesel, which is a mixture of a wide variety of organic compounds, this
„drop-in‟ fuel is free of sulfur and aromatics. Moreover, thanks to its
high cetane number, a high-performance parameter, the fuel is very easy
to ignite and its chemical composition permits unlimited blending with
fossil-fuel diesel.
Audi e-diesel will result in a fuel that works
seamlessly with existing Audi TDI clean diesel systems, posing no
additional automotive engineering challenges.
Audi and Joule have
commissioned a demonstration facility in the US state of New Mexico --
in an unfertile region with a high level of annual sunlight. The
facility is soon to begin operations with the production of sustainable
ethanol. The productivity rates have shown decisive advantages over
bioethanol. In addition, regions that are unsuitable for agriculture,
e.g. desert regions, could be utilized for energy production.
The
partnership between Audi and Joule has been in place since 2011. Joule
has protected its technology with patents for which the brand with the
four rings has acquired exclusive rights in the automotive field.
Collaborative work includes technical support as well. Audi engineers
with extensive know-how in the area of fuel and engine tests are helping
to develop marketable fuels.
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